One Person Company

A One Person Company (OPC) is a business structure introduced under the Companies Act, 2013, specifically for solo entrepreneurs. It combines the simplicity of a sole proprietorship with the credibility and limited liability of a private limited company. OPC provides a legal identity to the business and ensures perpetual succession, allowing the business to continue even in case of the owner’s incapacity or demise.

One Person Company – An Overview


OPC registration is the process of incorporating a company with a single member through the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal using the SPICe+ form. Unlike a sole proprietorship, an OPC is a separate legal entity, and the sole member enjoys limited liability, protecting personal assets from business risks.

Key Features of OPC

  • Single-member ownership with limited liability
  • Separate legal entity under Companies Act, 2013
  • Mandatory nominee director for continuity
  • Perpetual succession ensures uninterrupted operations
  • Moderate compliance requirements compared to Private Limited Companies

Eligibility Criteria

  • Must be a natural person (not another company or LLP)
  • Must be an Indian resident (lived in India for 182 days in the previous year)
  • Must be 18 years or older
  • Can incorporate only one OPC at a time
  • Cannot simultaneously act as member or nominee of another OPC
  • NRIs are allowed to register OPCs following the 2021 amendment.


OPC Registration Process:

  1. Obtain DSC for the proposed director
  2. Apply for DIN via MCA portal
  3. Reserve company name using RUN service (must end with “(OPC) Private Limited”)
  4. Prepare MOA & AOA
  5. File SPICe+ form with all required documents
  6. Apply for PAN & TAN simultaneously
  7. Receive Certificate of Incorporation from MCA

Timeline for OPC Registration

Stage

Time Required

DSC & DIN

1–2 working days

Name Reservation

1–3 working days

SPICe+ Form Processing

3–5 working days

Certificate of Incorporation

1–2 working days

Total

7–10 working days

Role of Nominee Director

  • Must be an Indian citizen and resident
  • Provides written consent (Form INC-3)
  • Steps in if the sole member becomes incapacitated or passes away
  • Ensures perpetual succession of the company

Cost of OPC Registration

Component

Approximate Cost

DSC

₹1,000–₹2,000

DIN

Included in SPICe+

Name Reservation

₹1,000

MCA Filing Fee

₹500–₹2,000

Stamp Duty

₹500–₹5,000

Professional Fees (CA/CS)

₹3,000–₹10,000

Total

₹6,000–₹20,000


  • Taxation for OPC

    • Taxed at 22% plus surcharge and cess (~25.17%)
    • Annual filing using ITR-6
    • Tax audit required if turnover exceeds ₹1 crore
    • GST applicable if turnover exceeds ₹20 lakh (₹10 lakh for special category states)

    Post-Registration Compliance

    • Annual ROC filings (MGT-7A, AOC-4, DIR-3 KYC, ADT-1)
    • Maintain statutory registers
    • Conduct at least one board meeting every six months
    • Annual Income Tax Return filing (ITR-6)
    • GST filing if registered


OPC Conversion

Voluntary Conversion: After 2 years, can convert to Private Limited Company

Mandatory Conversion: If paid-up capital > ₹50 lakh or turnover > ₹2 crore for 3 consecutive years

 

Benefits:

  • Protects personal assets with limited liability
  • Provides separate legal identity for credibility
  • Easier bank account opening and business loans
  • Eligible for Startup India recognition and government schemes
  • Can convert to Private Limited Company as business grows
  • No minimum paid-up capital required

Documents Required:

  • PAN Card
  • Aadhaar / Passport / Voter ID
  • Passport-size photograph
  • Recent bank statement or utility bill
  • Registered Office Proof: NOC from property owner & Rent agreement (if applicable)
  • What We Do
    • Expert Guidance: Professional CA/CS support for the entire process
    • End-to-End Assistance: From DSC, DIN, name approval, to incorporation
    • Transparent Pricing: No hidden charges, cost-effective packages
    • Quick Process: Complete registration within 7–10 working days
    • Post-Registration Support: Annual compliance, tax filings, and MCA support

FAQ:

An OPC is a company formed by a single individual under the Companies Act, 2013. It provides limited liability protection and a separate legal identity from the owner.

Must be an Indian citizen and resident At least 18 years old Can incorporate only one OPC at a time Cannot act as member or nominee of another OPC simultaneously

Yes, following the 2021 amendment, NRIs are allowed to incorporate OPCs.

Typically 7–10 working days, depending on document readiness and MCA processing.

The total cost ranges between ₹6,000 – ₹20,000, including DSC, DIN, MCA fees, stamp duty, and professional charges.

Voluntary conversion: After 2 years, to Private Limited Company Mandatory conversion: If paid-up capital > ₹50 lakh or turnover > ₹2 crore for 3 consecutive years

Professional support ensures proper documentation, faster approval, MCA compliance, and guidance on post-registration obligations like tax filings and ROC compliance.
One Person Company

₹1500

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